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- <text id=93TT1181>
- <link 93TO0119>
- <title>
- Mar. 15, 1993: In the Name of God
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Mar. 15, 1993 In the Name of God
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- COVER STORIES, Page 24
- In the Name of God
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Often a sweet refuge, faith can also become a fortress of
- merciless hatred
- </p>
- <p>By LANCE MORROW
- </p>
- <p> Those who glorify the idea of the world turning into a
- global village may not know much about the behavior of people in
- villages. Sometimes, as Cervantes understood, "there is more
- harm in a village than is dreamt of."
- </p>
- <p> In any case, the global village--proliferating now into a
- planetary city, with a few luxurious districts, and many
- terrible slums, and some neighborhoods that are savage and very
- dangerous--has no police force. The people of Bosnia know
- this. What the global community does have is many churches.
- Sometimes it is the faithful of the churches, and the mosques,
- who need policing most of all.
- </p>
- <p> If you scratch any aggressive tribalism, or nationalism,
- you usually find beneath its surface a religious core, some
- older binding energy of belief or superstition, previous to
- civic consciousness, previous almost to thought. Here is the
- paradox of God-love as a life-force, the deepest well of
- compassion, that is capable of transforming itself into a
- death-force, with the peculiar annihilating energies of belief.
- Faith, the sweetest refuge and consolation, may harden, by
- perverse miracle, into a sword--or anyway into a club or a
- torch or an assault rifle. Religious hatreds tend to be
- merciless and absolute. The mystery is now on view among the
- Hindus and Muslims of India, among the Islamic fundamentalists
- of Egypt or Algeria, and among Orthodox Serbs and Bosnian
- Muslims and Catholic Croats.
- </p>
- <p> Religion is sometimes a fortress for the beleaguered tribe
- in the new world disorder. Every cult is a kind of nation. The
- citadels bristle with intolerant clarities of doctrine--and
- with high-caliber weapons. Outside Waco, Texas, a cult called
- the Branch Davidians, apocalyptic and armed to the teeth, played
- out a siege drama that owed something to Jim Jones' last hours,
- when he and more than 900 members of his People's Temple cult
- died in Guyana, and to some older religious Americana, like
- Elmer Gantry, darkened with touches of the Road Warrior. The
- tragedy in Texas was self-contained, and seemed a familiar story
- of what happens when a group sealed away in paranoia succumbs
- to the influence of a sort of preacherly hypnotist.
- </p>
- <p> Waco represented a micro-fanaticism. The week's other case
- suggested larger issues, a macro-drama. It may have involved
- religion in more political form. The arrest of a 25-year-old
- Muslim named Mohammed Salameh raised the specter that the
- bombing of Manhattan's World Trade Center was perhaps a
- terrorist act of intense cultural symbolism, framed in
- religious context. And it brought serious terrorism across the
- American threshold for the first time.
- </p>
- <p> When the Berlin Wall came down and the Soviet Union
- deconstructed and freedom swept across the old communist bloc,
- American foreign policy analyst Francis Fukuyama offered a much
- discussed thesis about what he called "the end of history,"
- wherein, with communism gone, the world's civilization would
- settle upon a kind of sun-splashed plateau of democratic
- pluralism and free-market rationalism. One of the worst dangers
- in the post-Fukuyama world might be boredom, a fitful cultural
- unease.
- </p>
- <p> But obviously, "the end of history" has a dark, chaotic
- side. The collapse of the binary cold war configuration has
- produced an unstable, free-form arrangement of forces and
- impulses loose in the world, often traveling forward or
- backward at high historical speed. The world moves along a
- double track, tending toward one extreme or the other--toward
- economic internationalism and electronic interpenetrations, for
- example, and at the same time toward monomaniacal nationalisms.
- Toward intelligent tolerance on the one hand and toward
- irrational religious tribalisms on the other. The trouble is
- that the dark side tends to gain when fear and uncertainty are
- rising. That is, in fact, the entire working dynamic of
- terrorism.
- </p>
- <p> When Muslims, millions of them living in deepening poverty,
- contemplate the materialist West, they experience a mixture of
- repugnance and envy that often resolves itself into militant
- fundamentalist anger. On the other hand, the West and some of
- what comes with it (AIDS, drugs, pornography, the destruction
- of family and community, for example) are in many ways as
- dangerous and repulsive as a fundamentalist Muslim may believe.
- </p>
- <p> The world is becoming both more religious and more secular
- simultaneously. In the U.S., for example, respect for religion
- in areas of popular culture like music, books and television is
- as low as it has ever been (see Madonna, or Gore Vidal's
- elaborately blasphemous novel called LIVE from Golgotha). At
- the same time, both religious observance and the press of
- religious issues (questions of uncertainty, faith, anguish) are
- rising. Church leaders repeatedly condemn violence done in the
- name of religious tribalism--as Orthodox churchmen speak
- against "ethnic cleansing" in Bosnia and as some Muslim leaders
- criticize the bombing of the World Trade Center. But the
- zealots press on, shattering the silence, blasting the
- foundations.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-